Modality Therapy-Based Nursing Interventions in Leprosy Patients: A Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction : Leprosy (Morbus Hansen) remains a global health problem with a high burden of disability, especially in developing countries. The disease not only causes physical damage such as peripheral neuropathy, deformity, and muscle atrophy, but also triggers social stigma that impacts the mental health of patients. This review aimed to explore the implementation and effectiveness of nursing interventions based on modality therapy in the management of leprosy.

Method: The method used search through 3 main databases, included PubMed, Scopus, and Sciencedirect with a range of publish maximal 5 years from 2020 to 2025. Literature search using keywords such as ("nursing" OR "nurse" OR "care" OR "healthcare") AND ("intervention" OR "treatment" OR "approach" OR "strategy") AND ("modality" OR "therapy" OR "method" OR "technique") AND ("leprosy" OR "Hansen's disease" OR "mycobacterial infection" OR "skin disease").

Results: The results of the study found six types of interventions, namely preoperative education, inspirational muscle training, use of technology and educational media, operating room nurse visits, music and relaxation interventions, and discharge education.

Conclusion:  Modality therapy-based nursing interventions, such as nerve stimulation (TMS), topical therapy (propolis, insulin), and psychosocial approaches (education, self-care), have been shown to be effective in addressing leprosy complications by improving nerve function, healing ulcers, and improving patient adherence and quality of life.